While I was trying to %100 the game, I got stuck in a corner with a Streetcleaner and when I jumped I got launched in the air extremely high. I messed around a bit in the cyber grind and realized you can do it with almost any melee enemy. I'm pretty sure it happens if you time it around when they start their attack animation. Here's a video to show how it looks

I also had a similar thing happen in a completely different situation. I was playing 2-1 and, in the second tower thing, I was jumping around on the bottom area trying to stay on and got a huge boost when going from the bottom to the platform you enter on. I'm not completely sure if it was a jump boost from that or if it was something else I've tried a bit and haven't been able to recreate it. I wasn't recording at the time and wasn't paying too much attention.