Download Flashpoint to Play DSYP (Currently the only way to Play it).
Because Adobe Flash got shutdown, the Game can't be Played anymore. The only 2 ways to bring it back, would be if either a Version on a different Code is made, or the Game is turned a Executable Application.
I personally just play 1.13+ in Vanilla Minecraft, i don't mess with Optifine that much in newer Versions.
You don't neccessarily have to have a Timer on your Screen, but it would be Good if you had one on your Screen.
Yes, they are allowed if they are accurate. If they aren't, and the timer has a deviancy, then it's pretty much cheating.
It can effect Mob Spawning on Singleplayer-World Servers, but not on big Servers like Hypixel, etc.
It's okay if you record at 30 fps or just record your Run in general, as long as your Run isn't on an impossible basis. If that's not the case, you should be fine. Longer Runs aren't that suspicious in comparison with new WR Runs.
This is not directly answering your Questions, but this is probably also a possible way: (From what i've seen) it looks like most of the People who use livesplit use the In-Game Timer of that Game that they are Speedrunning. Doom has an In-Game Timer too, but i myself don't really know how they connect the In-Game Time to livesplit, might be a script or something.